物理学进展

物理学进展 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (1): 32-46.doi: 10.13725/j.cnki.pip.2025.01.002

所属专题： 2025年, 第45卷

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太赫兹波对神经递质突触传递过程影响的研究进展

陈 晨1，丁泓铭2，马余强1   

  1. 1. 南京大学物理学院, 南京 210093  2. 苏州大学物理科学与技术学院, 苏州 215006
  • 出版日期:2025-02-20 发布日期:2025-04-21
  • 基金资助:
     国 家 自 然 科 学 基 金 (No.12222506、 No.12347102 和 No.12174184) 及军委科技委相关项目

Research Progress on the Influence of Terahertz Waves on Neurotransmitter Synaptic Transmission

CHEN Chen1, DING Hong-ming2, MA Yu-qiang1   

  1. 1. School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China 2. School of Physical Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
  • Online:2025-02-20 Published:2025-04-21

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摘要：

太赫兹波是一种介于微波和红外波之间的电磁波，因其强穿透性、非电离性和强吸收性等 物理特性，在非接触式调控突触传递过程中展现出巨大应用潜力。突触传递过程与神经退行性疾 病密切相关，因此，深入了解太赫兹波对这一过程的影响，对于预防和治疗相关疾病具有重要指 导意义。本文首先详细介绍了太赫兹波的物理特性、生物效应及突触传递的相关概念，随后重点 讨论了太赫兹波在突触前、突触间隙和突触后三个阶段对神经递质传递的影响。最后，本文总结 并展望了太赫兹波在未来突触传递过程中的潜在应用。

关键词: 太赫兹波；神经递质；突触传递；分子动力学；红外光谱技术 

Abstract:

Terahertz waves are a type of electromagnetic wave between microwaves and infrared waves. Due to its physical properties such as strong penetration, non-ionization and strong absorption, and the ability to achieve non-contact regulation of synaptic transmission, it has shown great application prospects. The synaptic transmission process is closely related to neurodegenerative diseases. Understanding the response of terahertz waves to the synaptic transmission process has a guiding role in the prevention and treatment of related diseases. This paper first introduces the physical properties of terahertz waves, biological effects and related concepts of synaptic transmission in detail, and then focuses on the influence of terahertz waves on the synaptic transmission process, namely the presynaptic, synaptic cleft and postsynaptic stages. Finally, the potential application of terahertz waves in the future synaptic transmission process is summarized and prospected.

Key words: terahertz wave, neurotransmitter, synaptic transmission, molecular dynamic; infrared spectroscopy

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