物理学进展

物理学进展 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4): 165-173.doi: 10.13725/j.cnki.pip.2026.04.001

• •    下一篇

多晶相 BN 范德瓦耳斯异质结构中的双曲声子极化激元调控

王开元 1∗，吕 昕 2∗，马国龙 2∗，文 露 2∗，李志强 2†，王 雷 1‡   

  1. 1. 南京大学物理学院，南京 210093； 2. 四川大学物理学院，成都 610064
  • 收稿日期:2026-04-03 修回日期:2026-04-17 接受日期:2026-04-23 出版日期:2026-08-20 发布日期:2026-08-17

Tailoring hyperbolic phonon polaritons in van der Waals heterostructures comprising multiphase boron nitride

WANG Kaiyuan 1∗ , LÜ Xin 2∗ , MA Guolong 2∗ , WEN Lu 2∗ , LI Zhiqiang 2† , WANG Lei 1‡   

  1. 1. School of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China； 2. College of Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
  • Received:2026-04-03 Revised:2026-04-17 Accepted:2026-04-23 Online:2026-08-20 Published:2026-08-17

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摘要：

声子极化激元是由红外光子与晶格振动耦合形成的混合准粒子，能够实现亚波长电磁场局 域。这一独特性质使其在纳米尺度红外光场调控和强光–物质相互作用方面极具前景。在本研究中， 我们从理论上探讨了不同氮化硼 (boron nitride, BN) 系统中的双曲声子极化激元。通过将不同 BN 材料包括 h 10BN、h 11BN、热解氮化硼 (pyrolytic boron nitride) 和纤锌矿氮化硼 (wurtzite boron nitride) 组合构建范德瓦耳斯异质结构，并进一步与 α-MoO3 集成，系统地分析了材料组 成、堆叠顺序和层厚对极化激元色散、层间耦合和界面杂化的影响。我们首先研究了同位素质量变 化、晶体无序引起的阻尼以及相位依赖介电响应对不同 BN 本征色散的影响，研究结果表明，多 层 BN 异质结构能够实现可调模式杂化，从而导致色散重构，包括支路重排和光谱重新分布。当 与 α-MoO3 耦合时，体系在特定参数条件下可能出现由模式耦合引起的多个色散带隙以及低群速 度分支等特征。整体结果表明，材料选择、堆叠构型和厚度分配为定制双曲声子极化激元提供了 多种自由度，为复杂范德瓦耳斯异质结构中的红外极化激元工程提供了理论指导。 

关键词: 声子极化激元；同位素氮化硼；范德瓦尔斯异质结构；负折射；模式杂化；慢光 

Abstract:

Phonon polaritons are hybrid quasiparticles arising from the coupling between infrared photons and lattice vibrations, enabling strong subwavelength confinement of electromagnetic fields. This unique property makes them highly promising for nanoscale manipulation of infrared light and enhanced light–matter interactions. In this work, we theoretically investigate hyperbolic phonon polariton in various boron nitride (BN) systems. Van der Waals heterostructures are constructed by combining different BN materials, including h10BN, h11BN, pyrolytic boron nitride, and wurtzite boron nitride, and further integrated with α-MoO3. We systematically analyze the effects of material composition, stacking sequence, and layer thickness on polariton dispersion, interlayer coupling, and interfacial hybridization. The influence of isotopic mass variation, crystal disorder–induced damping, and phase-dependent dielectric responses is first examined through intrinsic dispersion comparisons. Our results reveal that multilayer BN heterostructures enable tunable mode hybridization, leading to dispersion reconstruction, including branch rearrangement and spectral redistribution. When coupled with α-MoO3, the system exhibits multiple dispersion bandgaps and low group-velocity branches under specific conditions, arising from strong multimode coupling. These findings demonstrate that material selection, stacking configuration, and thickness engineering provide versatile degrees of freedom for tailoring hyperbolic phonon polaritons, offering valuable theoretical guidance for infrared polariton engineering in complex van der Waals heterostru

Key words: phonon polaritons, isotopic boron nitride, van der Waals heterostructures, negative refraction, mode hybridization, slow light

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