In ultracold Fermi gases, by adjusting the strength of spin orbit coupling to
match Fermi energy, many novel quantum effects can be generated. In the past few decades,
scholars have conducted extensive theoretical and experimental research on Fermi gases induced
by one-dimensional spin orbit coupling. Compared with high-dimensional spin orbit coupling,
one-dimensional spin orbit coupling, although relatively simple, is the most reliable and feasible
tool for exploring basic quantum physical phenomena in experiments. This paper systematically
summarizes the interesting physical phenomena of Fermi gas under one-dimensional spin orbit
coupling in theoretical work. Including theoretical research on dynamic oscillation and soliton
effect, topological superfluid, Majorana edge state, ferromagnetic phase transition, and quantum phase. How to achieve spin orbit coupling and observe singular phenomena in experiments
is a hot and difficult research topic. We summarize several common experimental schemes and
detection methods. Finally, we look forward to the research on Fermi gas induced by one-dimensional spin orbit coupling. One dimensional spin orbit coupling can provide reference for
abecedarians and contribute to the study of multi body system regulated by spin orbit coupling. This paper aims to provide a reference for abecedarians in cold atomic physics to gain
a deeper understanding of the physical mechanisms of multi-body systems under spin orbit
coupling.
