物理学进展

物理学进展 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (2): 98-105.doi: 10.13725/j.cnki.pip.2026.02.003

所属专题： 2026年, 第46卷

• • 上一篇    

非球形纳米空泡冲击溃灭的分子动力学研究

李成伟 ，向圆圆 ∗，姚红兵
  

  1. 河海大学力学与工程科学学院，南京，210000
  • 收稿日期:2026-01-28 修回日期:2026-02-04 接受日期:2026-03-03 出版日期:2026-04-20 发布日期:2026-04-27
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目 (No.22075068)、国家 重点研发计划 (No. 2022YFB3404800) 

Molecular dynamics study of shock-induced collapse of non-spherical nanobubbles

LI Chengwei , XIANG Yuanyuan ∗ , YAO Hongbing   

  1. College of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Hohai University, Nanjing 210000, China 
  • Received:2026-01-28 Revised:2026-02-04 Accepted:2026-03-03 Online:2026-04-20 Published:2026-04-27

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摘要：

本文利用分子动力学方法研究了近椭球状非球形空泡在冲击波诱导下溃灭的动力学过程。 一方面，非球形空泡的溃灭过程与球形空泡类似，均表现为压缩和破裂两个阶段，同时会产生高 速的微射流。另一方面，由于空间尺寸和表面张力的双重影响，非球形空泡长轴与冲击波的初始 夹角对空泡的溃灭时间、射流速度、射流角度将产生系统性的影响。研究发现空泡的溃灭时间、射 流速度大小随着初始夹角增大而减小；而射流角度则在初始夹角为 45◦ 时值最大。我们利用不同 大小的空泡验证了该结论的普适性。

关键词: 非球形纳米空泡；冲击溃灭；分子动力学 

Abstract:

This study employs molecular dynamics methods to investigate the dynamic process of collapse of near-ellipsoidal non-spherical cavitation bubbles induced by shock waves. On the one hand, the collapse process of non-spherical bubbles is similar to that of spherical bubbles, both characterized by compression and rupture stages, accompanied by the generation of high-speed microjets. On the other hand, due to the combined effects of spatial dimensions and surface tension, the initial angle between the major axis of the non-spherical bubble and the shock wave systematically influences the bubble’s collapse time, jet velocity, and jet angle. It was found that the collapse time and jet velocity decreased as the initial angle increased, while the jet angle reached its maximum when the initial angle was 45◦ . The universality of this conclusion was verified using bubbles of different sizes.

Key words: non-spherical nanobubbles, shock-induced collapse, molecular dynamics

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