二维过渡金属硫族化合物 (TMDs) 展现出强光与物质相互作用以及显著的激子效应，针对 其激发态动力学的研究无论是对相关的基础研究还是技术应用，都具有重要的意义。为此，本文 总结了单层 TMDs 及其堆叠形成的范德瓦耳斯异质结中的激发态动力学研究。具体而言，我们介 绍了单层中激子与异质结中层间激子的产生到复合动力学过程，期间着重介绍了异质结中层间电 荷转移，以及层间转角和莫尔超级晶格相关激发态动力学的近期研究。最后总结了目前的研究中 未解决的问题并以对未来的展望作为结尾。 

Two-dimensional transition metal chalcogenides exhibit strong light-matter interactions and pronounced excitonic effects, the study of their excited-state dynamics is essential for advancing both fundamental research and technological applications. This review summarizes recent advances in the investigation of excited-state dynamics in monolayer transition metal chalcogenides and their van der Waals heterostructures. Specifically, we discuss the generation and recombination dynamics of excitons in monolayers, as well as interlayer excitons in heterostructures. Particular emphasis is placed on interlayer charge transfer and the influence of stacking angles and moiré superlattices on excited-state dynamics. Finally, we highlight open questions in the field and provide an outlook on future research directions.