微光纤器件由于其优异的光波导特性、较高的机械强度、操作灵活性和易于集成的特性，已经受到越来越多的关注，并且实现了在传感、激光、生物化学等领域的广泛应用。然而，二氧化硅微光纤器件尺寸相对较大、材料折射率较低，使其在微纳尺度的气、液态环境中的应用具有极大的挑战性。一维纳米材料的出现弥补了这一不足，由于其具有更小的尺寸和更高的折射率，基于单纳米线集成的微光纤器件在一些特殊环境中可以实现更高灵敏度和更高空间分辨率，拥有广阔的应用前景。本文从器件制备、耦合原理以及具体应用等方面对纳米线集成的微光纤器件进行了系统的介绍，并简要介绍了国内外以及南京大学近年来在该领域的研究进展。

Devices based on optical microfiber have received much attention and popularity in the fields of sensing, laser, biochemistry, etc., due to its excellent optical waveguiding characteristics, high mechanical strength, operational flexibility and ease of integration. However, the relatively large size and low refractive index of materials make it extremely challenging to apply in micro/nano-scale gas or liquid environments. The emergence of one-dimensional nano-materials makes up for the deficiency. On account of their smaller size and higher refractive index, single nanowire-integrated microfiber devices can achieve higher sensitivity and higher spatial resolution in some special environments. In this paper, nanowire-integrated microfiber devices are systematically introduced from the aspects of device preparation, principle of coupling and specific applications. And world-wide research progresses of this field in recent years are reviewed, including a brief introduction of the academic achievements in this field at Nanjing University.