关键词: 工作记忆, 计算神经科学, 吸引子理论, 短时程突触可塑性, 势能景观与环流理论

Abstract:

Working memory, a cornerstone of human cognition, allows us to temporarily hold and manipulate information. The delayed response experiment is a fundamental tool for understanding working memory. By inserting a delay between the presentation of stimuli and the behavioral decision, researchers can probe the neural mechanisms underlying information maintenance and manipulation during this delay period. This review delves into the delayed response paradigm and introduces attractor dynamics as a potential mechanism for working memory function. We then systematically explore two common methods for analyzing working memory networks: trajectory tracking, and energy landscape and flux theory. Finally, we summarize the key features of these two dynamical approaches and provide an outlook for future directions of working memory research.

Key words: working memory, computational neuroscience, attractor theory, short-term synaptic plasticity, energy landscape and flux theory