物理学进展

物理学进展 ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (4): 170-187.doi: 10.13725/j.cnki.pip.2021.04.002

所属专题： 2022年, 第42卷

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固体物理学发展简史

  

  1. 齐鲁工业大学（山东省科学院）材料科学与工程学院，济南250353

  • 出版日期:2021-08-20 发布日期:2021-08-19

A Brief History of Solid State Physics

  1. School of Material Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China

  • Online:2021-08-20 Published:2021-08-19

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摘要：

固体物理学研究多体问题，是物理学的重要分支，涉及面极其广泛，也是包括材料科学等在内的多个技术学科的基础。本文论述了固体物理学的发展简史，包括初期发展史、对热性质研 究、魏德曼–弗兰兹定律、晶体微观几何结构的研究历程、自由电子气体模型、固体能带论、对固 体磁性的研究、信息时代、中国固体物理学的发展、固体物理学教材等多个部分，简述了固体物 理学发展中的大事件和具有较大影响力的科学家及其贡献。

关键词: 固体物理学, 发展简史, 量子力学, 物理学家, 教材

Abstract:

The study of many-body problems in solid-state physics is an important branch of physics, covering a wide range of areas, and it is also the basis of many technical disciplines including materials science. This article discusses the brief history of the development of solid state physics, including the initial development history, the study of thermal properties, Weidmann-Franz law, the study history of the microscopic geometric structure of crystals, the free electron gas model, the energy band theory of solids, and the The research of solid magnetism, the information age, the development of solid state physics in China, and the teaching materials of solid state physics, etc., briefly describe the major events in the development of solid state physics, and the influential scientists and their contributions.

Key words:

"> Solid state physics, A brief history of development, Quantum mechanics, Physicists, Textbooks